PTE 技巧 — Read Aloud断句，意群训练
例题1.
England started its first settlements in North America as early as the 1570s. However, it is discovered that supporting colonies far away from London was extremely costly. History experts also suggest that the new settlers did not have sufficient skills to survive on the new land, which has slowed down the pace of colonizing America in the 15th century.
意群分析
- 名词性词组断句：例如此题中的history experts, the pace of colonizing America 各自构成的名词词组
- 主谓宾结构断句：England为主语，started its first settlements 为谓语+宾语断句，in North America对前文主干补充说明作为一个断句
- 连接词断句：例如出现However, or, and, but also表示转折，并列关系的连接词，在连接词之前断句
- 标点符号断句：逗号“，”，句号“。”，在句子结尾断句
- 从句断句：如果出现what,which,where等引导的从句，在引导词前面断句，例如此题which has slowed down the pace，在which前断句
- that句型：常见会出现it is 形容词（important） that + 句子/ sb. suggests (explained) that + 句子。此类从句在that之后断句
- 时间词组断句：在一些描述时间的词组前断句，例如此题 “as early as the 1570s”/”in the 15th century”
断句参考
England/ started its first settlements/ in North America/ as early as the 1570s./ However,/ it is discovered that/ supporting colonies/ far away from London/ was extremely costly./ History experts also suggest that/ the new settlers/ did not have sufficient skills/ to survive on the new land,/ which has slowed down the pace of colonizing America/ in the 15th century.
参考答案
- 6分答案
6分常见问题：4-5个单词读错，单复数出错多，时态不分情况多，断句不理想，6分通常会有比较浓的地方口音。（e,a,ae,v,w等发音混淆），6分考生还有发音比较飘（每个音节没有发实在，尤其是尾音，很多6分考生发音不高不一定是单词不认识，而是发音发得很仓促）
- 7分答案
7分常见问题：2-3个单词读错，少量单复数出错，少量时态不分，断句不理想，一些单词发音不够准确（尾音不发，或者单词发音很轻）
- 8分答案
8分解析：8分不一定需要全对，发音也不需要很纯正。重要的是断句正确，阅读流利，并且每个单词的每个音节都发准。8分考生在做read aloud时，在不影响流利度的情况下，有一至三个小错误都是可以接受的（包括单词不会读，单复数，时态念错）
评分参考
- 此题7分参考答案考生考生口语为7.5左右水平，高于7分但没达到8分。主要问题为断句，单复数时态等问题。该考生口音比8分答案纯正，但发音只有70分，原因为该考生一些单词尾音发得不够重，习惯性最后一个音节读的很轻
- 此题8分录音者，流利度发音均为90分。断句清楚，口音随然不是纯正的美式或英式发音，但每个音节都发得比较重，只有极少吞音出现
由此可见，口音纯正并不是read aloud高分的决定因素，考生应着重练习流利度（正确的断句有助于提高语速）和发音（尾音发重一些）
例题2.
The medical research community is continually reporting reasons why smokers should stop. Becoming a non-smoker will help people gain control of their lives. Doctors suggest patients to take a walk instead of smoking and stay away from situations that troubles them.
意群分析
- 名词性词组断句：例如此题中的the medical research community
- 主谓宾结构断句：the medical research community为主语，is continually reporting reasons 为谓语+宾语断句
- 从句断句：第一句在why之前断句，并且可以加重对why的发音，让句子读的更抑扬顿挫
- 连接词断句：instead of 之前断句，and之前断句
- that接在名字后面做紧密解释：此题situations that troubles them, 整体构成一个名词性词组，这里的that不能断句，要在situation前断句。注意区分例题1中的that从句断句方式
断句参考
The medical research community/ is continually reporting reasons/ why smokers should stop./ Becoming a non-smoker/ will help people gain control of their lives./ Doctors suggest patients to take a walk/ instead of smoking/ and stay away from situations that troubles them.
参考答案
- 6分答案
situation读错，断句不好，语速太慢
- 7分答案
suggest单复数读错，最后一句断句不够好。该考生为口语7.5水平，一些简单的段落可以达到八分标准
- 8分答案
例题3.
Albert Einstein predicted that whenever light from a distant star passes by a closer object, gravity acts as a kind of magnifying lens, brightening and bending the distant starlight. Now, an international research team has developed new tools for determining the masses of objects which Einstein believed were impossible to be measured in the 1930s.
意群分析
- that 从句断句：“Albert Einstein predicted that”，在that 后面断句
- 名词性词组断句：“whenever light from a distant star ” 作为整体，在passed by前断句
- 主谓宾结构断句1：“an international research team” 作为名词，”has developed new tools” 宾语+谓语结构，“for determining the masses of objects” 第一个补充说明
- 主谓宾断句2+从句断句：which前面断句，“which Einstein believed”组成名词性词组，“were impossible” 宾语+谓语结构，“to be measured in the 1930s” 补充说明
断句参考
Albert Einstein predicted that/ whenever light from a distant star/ passes by a closer object,/ gravity/ acts as a kind of magnifying lens,/ brightening/ and bending the distant starlight./ Now,/ an international research team/ has developed new tools/ for determining the masses of objects/ which Einstein believed/ were impossible to be measured/ in the 1930s.
参考答案
- 6分答案
whenever, object, magnifying发音不标准，卡顿明显
- 7分答案
此句整体接近8分水平，发音标准，断句有欠缺，听起来不够流畅，少量音节发音太轻
- 8分答案
例题4.
Despite the importance of creativity in the business world, the dark side of creativity has not been fully studied. Many organizations start recognizing the importance of creativity and are attempting to encourage their employees to be creative. However, in organizations in which creativity was highly valued, employees who identified themselves as creative were found to be engaged in more unethical behaviors.
意群分析
- Despite/if引导句：此类句型后面句子一般为完整句且长度较短，可以不断局
- 名词性词组断句：“the dark side of creativity ” 整体作为名词性词组
- in which 从句：which前面有介词引导的从句要在介词前断句，例如此题因在”in”之前断句
- 主谓宾断句+从句断句：“employees” 为主语，“who identified themselves as creative” 从句在”who”之前断句，和“employees”整体构成名词性词组，“were found to be engaged” 谓语+宾语，“in more unethical behaviors”,补充说明
断句参考
Despite the importance of creativity in the business world,/ the dark side of creativity/ has not been fully studied./ Many organizations/ start recognizing the importance of creativity/ and are attempting to encourage their employees/ to be creative./ However,/ in organizations/ in which creativity was highly valued,/ employees/ who identified themselves as creative/ were found to be engaged/ in more unethical behaviors.
参考答案
- 6分答案
despite, employees, value, however, unethical发音不标准，整体发音很飘（很多单词音节没发完整，尾音轻）
- 7分答案
加词一个，错词一个，语速偏慢。此考生口语为6.5-7分水平，考试口语得分为63-65区间
- 8分答案
更多练习题及6，7，8分参考答案分析，请点击“Read Aloud-练习”
Read Aloud 练习建议
1. 语速
Read Aloud部分对语速要求比口语其他部分高，请参考一下语速建议
目标50分（雅思6分）：35秒倒计时类文章在22-23秒内读完；40秒倒计时类文章在25-28秒内读完
目标65分（雅思7分）：35秒倒计时类文章在18-20秒内读完；40秒倒计时类文章在23-25秒内读完
目标79分（雅思8分）：35秒倒计时类文章在16-18秒内读完；40秒倒计时类文章在20-22秒内读完
特别注意：
- 语速不是越快越好，但此题绝不能慢慢读，在保证发音的前提下尽量加快语速。此题语速会对fluency分数产生影响。目标高分的考生也不需太快，15-16秒左右基本上可以算最快的语速了
- 刚开始练习的时候，不要盲目提高语速，先练发音，发准每一个音节
- 关于断句意群练习：非常重要，很多考生为了提高语速不断句，结果上气不接下气反而语速慢，正确的断句，换气反而会提高语速，让句子读的很顺畅。在练习惯断句和发音之后，语感提高，语速会自然提升
2. 单词
- Read Aloud部分在读的过程中可能会遇到一些生词，或者很难发音的单词，平时练习的时候如果遇到生词就先查字典，把该单词发准。做到“练一个，记一个”
- 考场上如果遇到不会的单词，在准备的时间里造一个读音，尽量保证在正式开始录音的时候那个单词不卡顿即可
3. 练习材料推荐
I. 本站练习题： 每题均有断句分析，6分，7分，8分参考答案
I. App（提高语感，流利度和发音）: 每日英语听力，推荐读科学60s，每篇加载之后在文章的右下角会有一个学士帽的图标，点开找到“跟读”，进入跟读界面之后，可以一句一句的录音，读完之后机器会评分
- 建议用苹果系统，安卓手机评分出来会很低
- 每句话读完之后会出现三种颜色“绿色”，“红色”，“橘色”。“绿色”表示机器完全识别，“红色”表示完全不识别，“橘色”表示识别，但发音不标准。考生可根据第一遍读完之后句子标注的颜色再相应调整发音，多读几遍争取达到90分
4. App 练习要求
I. 不管目标分数是50（6分），65（7分）还是79（8分），请各位考生尽量保证每句读到90分以上。
II. 目标高分的同学，每句尽量要求93分，但不需要达到100分。平均分93-95分，read aloud考试时即为满分水平
III. PTE考题中不会考“专业术语”，“地名”，“人名”等，在app里练习时，如果因为以上单词分数读不到90分，则可以跳过那句话
IV. 每天读的数量请参考“首页–复习计划表”，用app坚持练习读文章，可以有效地提高语感和流利度，发音也会有明显的提高。
5. 关于发音
- 发音需要长期坚持才能提高，从头到尾学音标是性价比非常低的方法。如果考生雅思水平在5.5分以上，用app和本站的练习题练习发音基本足够了
- 如果本身口音重，口语基础较弱的考生建议背四六级单词，纠正发音
若需要专业的发音指导，请联系Bingo Training 公众号，预约老师一对一指导
